Introduction
Life on earth is “putting to an eternal goal “while simultaneously challenging and needing “individual transformation “.. “person in his personal to the dynamism of transformation and self-realization, he reveals specific aspects of his essence and spiritual effort. Through them, he strives to express the irrevocable dimension of a “personal, authentic bond with the Creator “through the inner voice of conscience (conscientia – together, management), which is the first ontological layer, thanks to which we recognize what is true and good. A person endowed with this inner sense of “differentiation “is free and, at the same time, capable of self-reflection, thanks to his intellect. This means that it discovers an echo of the ideal of “how it would have been. ” Integral aspects of knowledge (including moral conscience and evaluation courts) are part of the definition of a person”s spiritual face. ” Knowledge allows each person to construct their own life in confrontation with normativeness autonomously.
We will not say anything new if we confirm that the subject of philosophy is truth and the subject of morality is good. Both sciences contribute together – with the application of love in practical life – to forming a person’s moral profile. Philosophy recalls the obligation to know, examine, and understand things and to respect what was known as positive in the past. The reverse of the mind to reality ad fontes (k source) is always a joyous invitation to “draw from the wisdom of previous generations. ” Based on such a procedure, St. Augustín (354 – 430) followed up on Plato (427 – 347 BC Kr.), St. Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274) followed up on Aristotle (384 – 322 BC.), neo-Thomists in the middle of the 20th century on Thomas Aquinas, personalistic concepts on the philosophy of neo-Thomists, etc. This continuity, at first glance, testifies to the remarkable “dialectic rhythm “of something that “was previously, “with the “newness “brought by advanced times. However, novelty may not always represent a radical change, just as antiquity may not be rigid, but may be a “continuity in the search for truth”. The truth in historical knowledge constantly transcends and grows. Still, one should remember that in this process, one needs “inspiration from above, “in which he finds and recognizes an inexhaustible source of wisdom.
The viability of some philosophy (platonism, Aristotelianism, Thomism, Phenomenology, Neo-Thomism, Personalism) depends on whether it somehow draws attention to metaphysics. This means the spiritual essence and dignity of the human person and the depth of his essential freedom (including freedom of conscience and thought).
If, on the contrary, the attention of philosophy is concentrated only on shallow and down-to-earth realities of consumer materialism (marxism, nihilism, utilitarianism, hedonism), there will be no uplift (sublimation) persons to the vertical horizon. In the 20th century, thanks to the revival of metaphysical concepts, promisingly released “corpus “philosophical-ethical thinking – from an idealistic climate with exclusively theological argumentation – to new deep reflections and the search for harmony between supernatural faith, natural reason, and science with its natural limits. These three relations are complementary but count with constant and targeted cultivation. For this reason, it is essential to stick to the known truths and live in truth, boldly pointing out lies and untruths, constantly striving for goodness, and with perseverance to apply acts of love to social relationships at all levels of life.
1. Truth as the light of intellect
Truth is always light, and this light is most visible in love. As a thinking subject, man tends to the truth and is evaluated by others’ truth criteria. Here is why humanity claims the truth and has a duty against the truth. Truth is an absolute reality and an existential symbol of life; therefore, no one dares to claim that life does not exist.
2. Good goal of mankind’s history and the world.
Man, being a creature and composite being (duch, the soul, telo), is a pilgrim on the way to perfection. We can also say that it is not a person who would not desire good. All people like good. You’re enough to remind the question of a small child who confirms the good through his parents. He happens to surprise his parents while reading fairy tales with a spontaneously asked question: isn’t the little dragon badevilhat a strange assessment? It suddenly appears in the child’s mind in connection with his association that what is excellent, e.g., a dragon embodying evil, can harm people.
As we can see, being and goodness are knowledge convertible (interchangeable) but not identical. We humans can ultimately want evil because we are free. We do so under sound “for ourselves, “but mostly, it is not reasonableness but error and moral evil. From this point of view, admission to such evil is the ultimate nonsense, absurdity, and a waste of time. Goodness is both a prospective value and an inspirational force, but there are also good ones that are not subject to compromise or dictation. This fact can be observed throughout history. It appears as a “mera of the righteous “, or even as a “wisdom clothed in beauty “, which anticipates the desire for eternal happiness and externally reveals the “state of the human soul” and “human heart”. On the other hand, good also depends on objective order harmony ( we see him in nature and the world’s beauty), the author of which is God, but also in subjective “goodwill” of specific righteous and wise people.
From this point of view, goodness is a “visible blessing” present in the daily actions of individual people, in their thoughts and plans. We generally distinguish between: good metaphysical or ontological – that is, “dobrom v sebe “(s characteristic dignity worthy of love), and good moral, which has to do with moral order “v samov “and with ours “free will “.
Moral good always depends on the subject. Morally good a person usually wants to act morally, but also from morality, the object to which he tends, from the circumstances he wants to use for good, from moral means through which he will carry out his intention, as well as from the goal which it is necessarily directed to suitable, e.g. eternal salvation, selfless, selfless love for the second. Each goal assumes a value that motivates it in some way and is oriented towards realizing a good deed. In a sense, it can be said that the goal opens the perspective of value and one day completes it in the last goal.
3. Love as an optimal disposition souls