FOR A GLOSSARY WITH EXPERTS

Abraham Harold Maslow (* April 1, 1908 – † June 8, 1970) was an American psychologist, psychiatrist and philosopher (forerunner of the New Age), the founder of humanistic psychology. He researched the hierarchy of human needs, motivation, self-realization. He invented the familiar Maslow’s pyramid of needs. He argues that human activity’s highest motivator is not money but the satisfaction of human needs. According to him, these are arranged within five degrees from basic – for the satisfaction of which we usually need money, and that after the higher ones – social and self-realization.

MASLOW’S PYRAMID
Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs has the shape of a pyramid and is based on the following principles: people are motivated by the desire to satisfy their needs, from the lowest to the highest level,
the hierarchy of human needs can be arranged in the form of a pyramid, which consists of five levels, satisfies the needs of a lower level motivated to try to meet the needs of a higher level if the need for a lower level is not fully or partially satisfied, the need for a higher level has no incentive effect.

SELFTRANSCENDENCIA
At the top of the pyramid is self-transcendence, sometimes called spiritual needs. Maslow believes that we should explore and develop the ultimate experiences (short and rare moments of inspiration, ecstasy, release of creative energy) to achieve personal growth and fulfillment. Individuals with the greatest preconditions for achieving top experiences are self-updated, mature, healthy, and self-fulfilled. Everyone can have the top experience. Those who do not have them suppressed or prevented them in some way. A detailed description of Maslow’s pyramid: Maslow’s pyramid (needs) is a hierarchy of human needs defined by the American psychologist Abraham Harold Maslow in 1943. According to this theory, man has five basic needs (from the lowest to the highest – together, they form a kind of “pyramid”):
physiological needs
the need for safety, security
the need for love, acceptance, belonging
the need for recognition, respect
the need for self-realization

Maslow identifies the first four categories as scarce needs and the fifth category as needs or growth needs. In general, lower needs are more significant, and there at least partial satisfaction is a condition for the emergence of less urgent and developmentally higher needs. However, this cannot be said unconditionally, and it has been proven that satisfying higher needs (aesthetic, spiritual) can help in extreme situations of human life, where the possibility of satisfying lower needs is limited (e.g., in concentration camps, as reported by Viktor Frankl or Konrad Lorenz). Maslow considers the need for self-realization to be the highest, which marks the human effort to fulfill his abilities and intentions.

Abraham Maslow was based on the belief that the performance of workers can be increased to natural physiological limits if not only material but also social needs are met, i. the need for self-realization, self-actualization, self-realization, social belonging to someone or something, creativity, security, security, status, etc. Saturation (fulfillment, satisfaction) of most needs occurs in the work process. The benefit of this school is that it tries to take the organization as a system, ensuring the integrity of personal interests and the organization’s interests. The paradox is that many do not care about self-realization; they are motivated only by lower physiological needs, peace, and comfort.
Insufficient needs
Physiological needs
Physiological needs are the needs of the organism and have the highest priority. They consist mainly of the following needs: need to breathe, the need to regulate body temperature
need for water
need for sleep
I need to eat
need for exclusion
need for sexual intercourse
The need for safety, security
Once the physiological needs are met, the needs for certainty begin to increase: job security
security of income and access to resources
physical security – protection against violence and aggression
moral and physiological security
family security
health security
The need for love, acceptance, belonging
After fulfilling physiological and safety needs comes the third layer – social needs. These generally consist of emotional relationships such as friendship
partnership
the need to have a family
The needs of being
The need for self-realization
Self-actualization (a term introduced by Kurt Goldstein, sometimes referred to as self-realization) is an instinctive need to fulfill one’s abilities and strive to be the best one can be. Maslow defined self-realized people as follows:
They accept the circumstances of life (including themselves) instead of rejecting or avoiding them.
They are spontaneous in the creation of thoughts and actions.
They are creative.
They are interested in solving problems, often in solving other people’s problems. Solving these problems often plays a key role in their lives.
They feel the closeness of other people and generally value life.
They have an internal ethic that is independent of external authority.
The judge is without prejudice, in a way that can be considered objective. Self-transcendence