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Palm Sunday, Year C Lk 22,14-23
The liturgy of Holy Week is so rich and beautiful that the priest can disturb its beauty with his sermon. Passions on Palm Sunday and Good Friday, as well as other symbolism of Easter ceremonies, can fill the soul with a perceptive believer so much that, humanly speaking, it already contains, there is no place for further thoughts of even the most beautiful sermon. And that is why in many parishes, especially outside the borders of our homeland, priests do not preach at this time. However, it requires precise internal preparation for understanding Easter ceremonies.
In Holy Week, the Church celebrates the most basic mysteries of our salvation, with which the Lord Jesus, in the last days of his earthly life, starting with his solemn entry into Jerusalem through the suffering and crucifixion of Good Friday, to the solemn resurrection at the Easter Vigil, he fulfilled his Messianic mission. Today, together with the Hebrew children, we also met the Lord and enthusiastically cried: „Hosanna to the Son of David!“ It is translated into Slovak either as „ long live king,“ or „ very much you, Lord, we ask for help.“
At the turn of the fifties and sixties of the last century, filmmakers filmed a documentary about a village on the Czech border, in the Sudetenland. It was after the removal of German residents to Germany and the arrival of new residents from all over the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Among the new settlers were many criminals and adventurers, who began looting churches and agricultural estates in the mentioned region. The movie was supposed to be called „Programmed destruction“. Dried trees, neglected fields, ravaged buildings, and a church torn down on the hill evoked the whole terrible post-war atmosphere. Then one of the cameramen remarked: „This is the land that God has left!“ His colleague, the illuminator, replied: „O no. This is the land that has left God!“ He thus quoted the words of the Lord Jesus: „ I wanted to call you, and you didn’t want to, you left me…“
We know that among the apostles, it was not only Judas who was unfaithful to him. Peter also denied him three times. When he was sitting outside in the courtyard, a maid came to him and said: „You too were with Jesus of Galilee!“ But he denied in front of everyone: „ I don’t know what you are saying.“ When he went out to the gate, another saw him and said to those who were there: „This one was with Jesus of Nazareth!“ He denied with an oath: „I don’t know that person.“ After a while, those standing there approached and said to Peter: “Certainly, you are also one of them, because even your speech betrays you!“ That’s when he started cursing and swearing: „I don’t know that person.“ And then the rooster sang. (Mt 26,69 75) – When considering this triple denial, we find that Peter denied Jesus, did not confess to the other apostles, and even denied his national identity, his native language.
Unfortunately, this was repeated in the lives of many Christians during communist totalitarianism, and it is still happening today. We renounce Jesus, the Church, nationality, language, and slowly renounce our spiritual, Christian roots and principles, belonging to our nation, to the Cyril-Method heritage. On Good Friday, those he healed also massively left Jesus with bread and fish and gave him their Divine love. Guided by the fear of the powerful of this world, they were manipulated by the psychosis of the crowd, which had already done so much evil in human history.
Many places in Latin America are inhabited by people who have many customs associated with Palm Sunday. In a particular city, they have the habit of choosing a kind of Easter king on Palm Sunday and solemnly leading him to the coronation in front of the town hall. According to one account, Manuelito, a poor, religious church singer, was once elected king. Everyone liked him because of his cheerful and modest nature. Enthusiastic cries were heard in the solemn procession – glory to Manuelito, our king! Manuelito, you said. If I were king, I would also make my solemn speech. With his ringing voice, he spoke to the gathered people like this: „My dear natives. You chose me as king. Today is Palm Sunday, many of you have been to Holy Mass in the church and listened to our pastor’s sermon. He preached to us about how much Jesus loves us and is waiting for our answer. With our ardent Christian life, renunciation of sinful life, swearing, drinking and marital infidelity, we are obliged to accept Christ’s love, which led him to Golgotha, where for us, he died on the cross for our salvation. Therefore, let’s change our life and our town will flourish again, pleasing God. I surrender my crown that you have placed on my head and your kingdom to the Eternal King, dear Jesus.“ At that moment, as Manuelito finished his speech, people began to shout lewd words at him, throw stones at him, and tear the royal crown from his head. Immediately, they elected someone else as king, who had barrels of beer and tequila brought to them.
Brothers and sisters, the masses will be passionate about good and evil within minutes. And so the same crowds that shouted to Jesus on Palm Sunday, „Hosanna,“ are already shouting on Good Friday, „Let us go Barabbas! Away with Jesus! Away with him! Crucify him, crucify him!“ Beloved brothers and sisters, let us defend our Lord and King Jesus Christ. Even if we were unfaithful in something, we still have time to turn to him and ask for his forgiveness. In the sacrament of penance, he will cleanse our hearts, fill them with new faith, hope, and love. In the Eucharist, he will enter them and make them his throne, and we will become the inhabitants of his Divine Kingdom.
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Beloved brothers and sisters
In the first sentence of today’s Gospel, we heard how Jesus went to the Mount of Olives: a meeting place with his heavenly Father, a meeting place with himself, a place of isolation and silence, two necessary conditions for a full meeting. A place where God’s mercy embraces the merciful self and becomes merciful. A place of infinite horizon where there is no condition, no need, no circumstance in the relationship, but only the desire to stay and be alone.
The Mount of Olives is a place of grace, where pure, good oil is obtained to anoint the king, priest, and prophet, who represent submission and obedience only to God.
From this place, Jesus came to the temple in the morning: he went from seclusion to liturgy, to testimony, teaching, guidance, and application; he went from a relationship with himself to a relationship with others. And all the people came to him, and he sat down and taught them. When the evangelist John used the expression „all people“, he wanted to express God’s deep desire that all God’s people should find a way to reach him. They would see in him the unity of heart and wisdom of this age.
By his statement: „he sat down and taught them,“ wanted to express his desire to show God’s closeness to his holy people, so he began to interpret the Scriptures to them, thereby supporting his statement in the Gospel according to Matthew: „ Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I did not come to abolish them, but to fulfill them.“
While he was teaching them, the Pharisees and scribes, teachers of the law, came to him with a woman caught in adultery, brought her to Jesus and asked him to judge her according to the law of Moses, that is, by stoning. In this situation, when they told him “Teacher”, they recognized him as a teacher of the law, but they did not accept that he should teach them what to do in this matter, so they dictated to him what he should do. They did not realize that Jesus was the same yesterday, today, and forever, and his only need was to love.
He bent down to the ground and began to write with his finger. One of the church fathers compares this movement to the act of God creating man. In the description of creation in the Book of Genesis, God took dust from the earth, formed it, and created man, calling him Adam because he was taken from the earth. That is so that those Pharisees and scribes who stood before him may understand that you, the creatures, tell me, your Creator, what to do, and you want to kill a man, who is as much a creature as you, whose Creator I am. On what authority do you pass this judgment? Who created these rules that you practice?
This text is a sensitive and vital issue that is a daily theme of many people and cultures and represents a burning social problem, especially in our Middle Eastern societies and traditional religions. Jesus comes to solve this question by outlining a methodology for solving this problem, first by hearing the second community, accepting its social wound, and expressing the truth. However, the solution cannot be based on the law because the Law Lord is present here and now, and it is he who decides.
Therefore, he ended this topic when he said to them: „Which of you is without sin, let him be the first to throw a stone at it.“ For he who treats you as an equal will not harm you.
There was a great silence, and one by one they started to leave and left the woman alone in the middle of the square, in great sadness, confusion, wonder and with the thought: „ What will the teacher do to me? I wonder if he is like the teachers I met.“ It was enough that he looked at her to remove all doubt and confusion, and she felt, that this man is different from all men, and that his view of her draws her to a different value, because she is a woman different from all the values and views given to her by other men, when they look
Beloved, the sin of adultery that this woman represents is the reality of today’s weak, restless and suffering world as a result of the many wars that are taking place in more than 60 countries of the world. These are primarily internal civil wars caused by external interests.
Jesus comes here to tell the lords of this world and the great countries whose interests lead this world to war, destroy and kill thousands of defenseless people whom God created to live like the rest of humanity. By what authority do you rule these countries to live in conflicts, to kill and destroy towns and villages, and to deprive people of their right to life and to live in dignity? Why do we live in Syria, as well as in Ukraine, in your neighboring country, and in many other countries without water, electricity, food, health care, work, and a clean environment?
Today, as we meditate on this text from the Gospel of John, let us lift up our prayers and ask God that all men return to themselves in solitude and that every arrogant one, a proud and influential person in this world heard what the Lord Jesus said: „ Let one of you be without sin to throw a stone at her first.“
No one in this world has the authority to wage wars, kill people, relocate, and expel them. It is a disgrace to the world today that there are refugee camps in many places. If that suggests anything, it indicates the bankruptcy of our world in terms of justice, sound morals, and dignity, because the dignity of tyrants and leaders is derived from the dignity of their people.
Let us ask God to give true peace to the world by stopping all forms of armaments and the arms trade, which bring nothing but destruction and death, by halting all death sentences and torture in detention centers and prisons and stopping trafficking in human beings, developing means of peaceful dialogue, activating international justice, respecting human rights, the, freedoms of the individual and human dignity and by punishing countries and individuals who contribute to the humiliation of people and violate their rights and dignity.
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On the incompatibility of the Catholic Church and the modern state.
Today, there is an opinion that the Catholic Church is incompatible with the modern state. The contemporary state professes a doctrine of sovereignty that cannot be reconciled with the Catholic Church’s claims, and this inevitably results in conflict. It can be spread over three objections:
1. The Catholic Church claims the universal right to judge in matters of faith and morality, and this means—theoretically and practically—the right to destroy by any means all subjects who disagree with it (heretics, schismatics, and others). For the secular state, even the presence of the Catholic community is a mortal danger.
2. Catholics’ reason is subordinated to the general authority of the Church and especially to papal authority, which is incompatible with the concept of citizenship in the modern state—it is based on the belief that all issues are decided individually by each citizen, in complete freedom from any authority, and the free decision of the majority commits the minority to obedience.
3. The universal claims of the Catholic Church conflict with the claims of the modern lay and absolute state. The term „laic“ means that the state must not adopt or support any particular transcendental philosophy. The term „absolute“ means that the modern civil state, like the ancient pagan state (which is getting closer and closer), does not allow the distribution of its sovereignty. It requires its citizens to commit themselves to obedience exclusively to the state and no other power.
The modern state differs from the medieval one in that it claims complete independence from any authority other than its own, while the medieval state considered itself only part of Christianitas and felt bound by general moral laws and the order of the Christian world. Modern state absolutism began in the 16th century with the belief of Protestant princes that their power was independent of the Church and its doctrine. Thus arose the doctrine of „divine law kráľov“ and its heir is today’s modern state – whether monarchist, republican, or other – when it claims the complete allegiance of its citizens.
The fear that the Catholic community in a non-Catholic society will use all available means to destroy the non-Catholic elements in it and force it into Catholic discipline is unfounded. The Catholic community will not do so – and not out of fear, but out of its principles. These principles define Catholic doctrine as accurate and sound, thereby implicitly labeling anti-Catholic doctrine as false and evil. A Catholic considers heretical and pagan morals harmful and believes that society should get rid of them. However, a Catholic must not strive for their destruction other than by free conversion. Catholic society has the right to defend itself against internal subversion, promote Catholic education and culture, and preserve Christian civilization’s unity. However, it does not have the right to violently attack a non-Catholic society that has been established somewhere for a long time, because it also has its rights (e.g., the right of the family to raise a child), the violation of which would be unfair.
Catholics will always—so they should—strive to convert the society in which they live. Sometimes, as in the case of the Roman Empire, they succeed, and other times, as in the case of Japan, they fail. But the effort to convert must not be violent. The Catholic State has the right to defend itself against attempts to destroy itself. However, the Catholic minority in a non-Catholic state does not have the right to speak out violently against it.
All claims of „catholic danger“ are based on misconceptions about Catholic claims and their application. Although the Catholic Church claims to be the only authority in matters of faith and morality, it exercises this authority differently than its opponents say. The Catholic faith does not allow forcible conversion because it understands that moral action must be free. If there have been violent conversions somewhere in history, it was wrong. Furthermore, it is rightly pointed out that an individual Catholic accepts the judgment of the Church and, in some instances, the judgment of the Pope as superior to his own. However, the general idea of non-Catholics how it goes is wrong. The fault lies in the notion that the Catholic attitude is irrational and unreasonable, while the attitude of a non-Christian is reasonable. It doesn’t work that way.
All people accept some authority. The difference lies in the type of authority they accept. A Catholic has come to believe – or obtained it through education – that Divine Revelation once occurred. He will discover and recognize the unique action of God on this earth. He discovers and recognizes the voice of the Catholic Church and an elaborate doctrinal system that is internally consistent and correct. The incarnation of the Deity in man Jesus Christ, the immortality of the human soul, its responsibility towards the Creator for good and bad deeds, its subsequent fate after death, the sacraments, the teaching about the Eucharist – it forms a continuous whole, which is the only consistent guide to the exemplary life, and a proper set of statements about the nature of essential things. To be Catholic is to accept this guidance, this set of claims. To doubt or deny it is to reject Catholicism.
This attitude is adopted under the sharp light of reason. It is not true, as people ignorant of history believe, that these truths were accepted without vetting in barbaric and pre-critical times. That logical argumentation is a modern invention. From the first apologetics in the 2nd century to today, during the Dark Ages, and when society reached a high intellectual level, Catholics universally and continuously invoked reason. Even today, Catholics are the only organized group that consistently invokes reason and the laws of thought and does not accept the a priori ideas of materialistic scientists and the confused views of emotional and fantastic philosophical systems. A Catholic acts based on reason when he recognizes the Church’s goodness, holiness, and authoritative divine character, just as a person acts based on reason when he acknowledges an individual voice or face. Once he has recognized such authority, his reason necessarily requires submission to the decisions of the Church. With his reason and experience, one can know that the Catholic Church is the only divine authority on earth. However, he cannot come to the certainty with his mind that a disturbed human nature can achieve eternal bliss without help. Reason can only accept it indirectly, based on authority.
A Catholic bases his faith on reason, and this faith, once accepted, prevents him from playing the role prescribed to the ideal citizen of a modern state. A Catholic will not subject all things to separate and individual private judgment, nor will he necessarily and always consider it a moral duty to obey laws passed through the majority voting process. In many questions –, for example, in the question of the indissolubility of marriage, – will accept established learning and prefer it to any possible conclusion arising from one’s own limited experience, judgment and ability. If the majority were to pass a law forcing him to act against Catholic morality, he would refuse to obey it.
About the principles of the secular state
The secular state is built on the principle of political atheism. Society consists of two elements, the ruling, which represents power and authority, and the ruled, or subject, whom the ruler rules to achieve the common good. In this regard, the ruling element, whether it is the king, the prince, the president, the government, the parliament in establishing laws, in enforcing them, or in the exercise of judicial power, can act so that, as if God does not exist and disregard God’s laws, natural or positive?
The political atheist will answer the question positively. It is not difficult to find the delusional principles from which he derived them, because they were already enumerated and condemned in the Syllabus of the errors of Pius IX. Depending on whether God’s existence is rejected, confused with nature or the world, or whether God’s existence is recognized, but His providence (God’s management of the world) rejected – God is in any case excluded from the world and „any divine intervention against people and the world is denied“.
From this, the logic of the political atheist is as follows: Human reason is the only arbiter of truth and error, good and evil. The innate faculties of human reason acquire all religious truths. Reason is the highest law by which man can and must come to the knowledge of all truths and can ensure good for people and nations with his natural abilities. The rules of morality and other human laws do not need authority to come from God. Philosophical and moral knowledge and civil laws can and should be exempted from God’s and the church’s authority. The State, the originator and source of all rights, has unlimited authority. Authority is nothing but the sum of material power. All these delusions are interconnected: by denying God’s existence, man comes to materialism and the tyranny of the stronger. This is both a principle and a consequence of political atheism.
Political atheism dismantles society itself. The last goal of society is the improvement of citizens who cannot achieve it alone, but achieve it through society. This perfection consists mainly in knowing the duties that belong to everyone and in learning the virtues that are necessary to fulfill these duties. The basis of all responsibilities is religious duties. Therefore, citizens should know how better to meet their religious obligations in and through society. Political atheism either rejects or does not care about things that belong to religion. Therefore, political atheism contradicts the most fundamental goal of human culture.
Elements of society are the government and the subjects. The government rules and subjects obey it according to the law. According to the secularist hypothesis of political atheism, state power rests on no moral foundations, only on the stronger one. But state power is not only the sum of material forces; it is something essential moral, because it considers its right to rule over society to be just, whether based on inheritance, military power, chance, by the consent of the people, etc. Therefore, it does not come from individual reason, which by itself has no authority to rule over others, nor does it come from an impersonal source that is abstract and fantastic. Still, it comes directly from God and is a share and participation in God’s power. Therefore, political power cannot be understood atheistically, because it would negate itself with this act.
Civil laws are immoral unless they express or clarify natural law; however, natural law is nothing more than participation in the eternal law from which it takes authority. Therefore, political atheism is a rejection of authority as such. It is a rejection of human legislation, because according to the atheistic hypothesis, it has no power to morally bind it. Power, as long as they move away from God, depends on nothing but themselves. Thus appeared the so-called. The Divine State, which in its essence is nothing more than the will of the monarch, only helps a more vigorous monarch. In political atheism (secular state), human society is not governed by moral authority, but only by the will to rule, just as it is among wild animals.
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There are two worlds.
They are two completely different worlds. We enter the one, thanks to the grace of Baptism, in prayer and adoration, allowing us to live more deeply and receive what we receive at each Mass in Holy Communion. The other is the one in which we have lived and to which we keep returning, at least outwardly, and which is the world. We are still in the world, though we should no longer be of the world. The two worlds are quite different, quite opposite! We used to think that sin was only when we did some evil deed. Then we came to understand that it is something more profound than that, and that deeds are only a manifestation of the state of sin in our inner heart. And finally, we began to understand that sin is in its essence a world opposite to that of God, a personality opposite to that of the sons of God, attitudes, relationships, thinking, and inclinations opposite to those that rule in the Kingdom of God. It is a matter of being flesh in the world, but not being drawn into the world with the heart, of remaining in Heaven with the heart as we enter it in the Eucharist, interior prayer, and adoration. For it happens to us that when prayer and devotion are over, and we return to the world, our heart and thinking also adjust to the world out of old habit. And that isn’t good! That first one, God’s world, is real. The other one is just an illusion. “Let us therefore not sleep as others do, but let us watch and be sober” (1Sol 5:6). Silence of heart and wakefulness in the sense of being awake, not just some kind of “beware,” are tools and aids to staying in reality and not sinking back into the mists and waves of the world. To stay awake. Awake. Preserving, keeping everything in its place. And to be in your place too, yourself, at Christ, on Christ, in Christ, with Christ, from Christ. He is the Anchor. He is the foundation, the Rock. Or else, to remain holy by that first holiness, that is, separated from the world and “rooted and grounded in it, established in the faith” (Col 2:7). Indeed, the decision to separate from the world and to remain separate from it is fundamental. That is why, as Christians, we are called “saints” in Scripture, separated from and belonging already to God and His world. “You were bought with a price. Do not become slaves of men” (1 Cor 7:23). Abide fully and completely and openly and publicly and without question (much less any sense of shame) in God’s world, in God’s son ship. To think, perceive, live, act, speak according to him – to the world strangely, even despite. This is the prize.
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John de la Salle, priest, founder of the School Brothers
Feast day: 7 April
* April 30, 1651 Reims (Reims), France
† April 7, 1719 St-Yon, Rouen, France
Meaning of the name John: God is gracious (Hebrew)
(Saint John the Baptist) Patron saint of teachers
Pierre Léger: St. John de la Salle
St. John Baptist de la Salle was born in Reims on April 30, 1651, into a prominent noble family. His parents cared greatly to give all ten children a good religious education. John was the eldest. Three brothers became priests, and one sister entered a convent. At the age of eleven, John – according to the custom of the time – received the tonsure and thus became a cleric. Not quite sixteen, he became a canon of Remes Cathedral, an essential and lucrative position. But this did not spoil John. He was not seduced to a life of ease and comfort. He continued his studies. In 1669, he became a doctor of philosophy. In 1670, he entered the seminary of St. Sulpice in Paris. In 1672, both his parents died. John became the head of the family. He returned home from the seminary and cared for his younger siblings. He wondered if he was called to become a priest in this situation. His relatives tried to talk him out of the priesthood. He hesitated. He undertook eight days of spiritual exercises. At these retreats, he became convinced that God was calling him to the priesthood. After that, he never wavered and continued on the path he had set out. He began to mortify himself, fasting and shortening his sleep. He continued his studies in Reims. Furthermore, he was ordained a priest on White Saturday in 1678.
In those days, there was a shortage of good and free schools. Europe was devastated by the wars that raged in the 16th and 17th centuries. Monasteries, schools, and parishes were destroyed. Many children and young people did not receive even a basic education, they were abandoned, on the streets. John observed this with sorrow. He decided to establish schools for them. In the town of Rouen lived a particular relative of his, a wealthy Mrs. Maillefer, who led a worldly life. After a while, however, she turned around and began to support a girls’ school founded and run by Canon Nicholas Roland. Mrs. Maillefer, however, wanted the boys to have the opportunity for education.
John received her recommendation and support to establish a free school for boys in Reims. After overcoming the difficulties, this was achieved. With the help of others, John founded the school, financed by the money he had as a canon or left over from his inheritance. All the time, however, he was thinking about what to do to make the school work even better, so that the teachers would not only teach out of duty but also witness the spiritual life. Finally, he decided. In 1683, he gave up his canonical place and the income that came from it. A year later, he also gave up his inheritance. He remained living in poverty and solely on alms, despite being discouraged from doing so by both priests and the archbishop. John, however, spoke: “How can I recommend poverty if I myself will not be poor?” Soon, several young men joined him and began to teach and educate the boys free of charge. But it was still only a secular association. After much prayer and reflection, John wrote spiritual rules so that a spiritual community could be formed. He decided that all those belonging to the religious order would not be priests, but brothers. It was logical that the superiors would also be brothers only. He therefore excluded himself from the superior position of the religious order. It was only at the insistence of his brothers that he assumed the leadership of the new society.
Thus, the Order of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, popularly “school brothers”, came into being. Their main aim was to fight against ignorance. Many parish priests, especially rural ones, begged John to send them school brothers who were willing to teach children for free. Because of this, John set up the first teachers’ seminary in Reims in 1685, where future rural teachers were educated. A year later, he opened a similar seminary in Paris. In both, teaching was free. There were usually about thirty pupils, who then dispersed to the villages and taught there. John himself had patronage over these institutes.
At the same time, John led a strict life. He fasted, spent much time in prayer, scourged himself, and wore a penitential girdle under his priestly vestments. At the same time, however, he was joyful, without drawing attention to his virtues. He wanted to do everything for the honor and glory of God. His schools spread elsewhere. He also founded the first industrial school in Europe, despite the slanders and persecutions he suffered for his activities. Pupils there were taught surveying, building, drawing, and bookkeeping. This was opposed mainly by secular teachers, who feared losing their jobs. In Paris, the parliament even forbade John from teaching. He was only allowed to teach those whose poverty was undeniable. By the end of the seventeenth century, the School Brothers had sixteen schools with over one thousand five hundred children.
When John saw that the order was sufficiently established, he asked the brothers to elect a new superior general. After much hemming and hawing, the brothers agreed. In 1717, they elected Francis Barthélemy to the post. John settled in Rouen, where he lived in prayer and modesty. He did not cease to help the poor. In the meantime, his health was deteriorating. Before Easter in 1719, he received the anointing of the sick. He died on Good Friday morning, April 7, 1719, at Saint-Yon near Rouen. He was declared a saint in 1900 by Pope Leo XIII.
St. John de la Salle gained enormous merit in schools and education. He is the founder of the vernacular school; he was the first to make the national language the basis of instruction (instead of the former Latin), the first to found an industrial school, and the first to found an institute for teachers. He made schools accessible to a wide range of people. His order continues this activity to this day. John also wrote several writings, such as Instructions for the Administration of Schools, On the Duties of the Brethren, The Duties of a Christian, Meditations, and others.
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Have time for God.
I was talking to a businessman once. Meanwhile, it came up how he must take all the chances to compete. He is consumed with the thought of the deadlines he is facing today. At breakfast, he looks at a few newspapers drinks coffee ´, in the car on the phone with the clerk, in the office he looks over the most critical files, rushes to a meeting with the heads of departments, negotiates with representatives of other firms, hears complaints, talks with architects, studies signs contracts. Every day, the same merry-go-round. No thought of God, no prayer. Late in the evening, he comes home full of plans and worries. He lies down to a restless sleep, and in the morning, the same thing awaits him.
No matter how great a piety he may have inherited, such a busy life will alienate him from God. And it is understandable. A man who thinks, talks, plans, decides, enjoys, gets angry, rejoices all day without looking at God, without considering God, will be guided in his decision-making solely by the vision of success, gain of benefit, desire for wealth, and so on. God, Jesus, the Church – these will slowly cease to interest them, and after years, if such people are honest, they will lose not only contact but also interest in God and spiritual life. How is it with us? We don’t get carried away by our smaller or bigger worries so perfectly that God has no more place in our lives. In short, we allow ourselves to be so overwhelmed by work, by various interests, that we alienate God. The solution is easy, but challenging to implement. Change the way we live. And that’s not easy.
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Vincent Ferrer, priest.
Feast: April 5
* 23 January 1350 Valencia, Spain
† d. April 5, 1419 Vannes, Brittany, France
Name meaning: winning (lat.)
Attributes: fire, star, baptismal font
Patron of designers, builders, roofers, and founders; against headaches, fever, and dangers
Vincent Ferrer was born on 23 January 1350 in Valencia, eastern Spain, into the family of the notary William and Constance. He was the fourth child in a row. However, we know nothing about his childhood. At seventeen, he joined the Dominican order and took his first vows a year later. He was very excited. He studied hard and prayed a lot. Furthermore, he studied in southern France in Valencia, Barcelona, and Toulouse. He was ordained a priest in about 1378. He was a very active and zealous priest. Furthermore, he preached a lot and confessed. Likewise, he reconciled the kings with each other and was their counselor and confessor to Queen Yolanda. In addition, he also developed social activities and took care of the needy. There was a split in the Church at that time (schism). In 1378, Urban VI was elected Pope in Rome. However, some cardinals, primarily French, were unsatisfied with the election, so they elected their own Pope Clement VII, who resided in Avignon. This split lasted about fifty years. This behavior of the cardinals disoriented many. Vincent also joined the side of antipope Clement. After the death of this antipope, the cardinals again elected another, Benedict XIII, who called Vincent to Avignon, made him his chaplain and confessor. At the same time, he was in charge of the papal palace as administrator. But gradually, noticing the circumstances that were happening around him and in the world – a lot of riots in the world ( Turkish invasions, anarchy in Spain and Italy), the performance of reformers (Wicklef, Hus), he began to realize more about the bleak situation the Church is in. He admonished Antipope Benedict to come to his senses. But he disobeyed. Vincent fell seriously ill. Then he envisioned Christ with St. Francis from Assisi, a saint. Dominic. Christ said to him: „Stay firm, leave the papal court immediately, for I have chosen you to preach the gospel in Spain and France.“ When Vincent told Benedict, he did not want to release him, and even appointed him a cardinal. Well, Vincent didn’t give up. Eventually, the Pope released him.
Vincent left Avignon in 1399. He traveled to Spain, France, northern Italy, Switzerland, and Germany. He preached at every opportunity. People listened to him with joy; he had the gift of eloquence. In Spain alone, he converted twenty-five thousand Jews and eight thousand Muslims. Many human hearts have moved and turned their lives for the better. When the people knew he was coming, they went out in crowds opposite him. Pope Martin V himself welcomed him, even the kings. He left a deep and long response in people’s hearts everywhere. At his word, people built monasteries, hospitals, and bridges over steep rivers. God gave him the gift of predicting events, the gift of tongues – spoke his native dialect, and yet everyone understood him. He was among the greatest preachers of the Middle Ages. He got a lot of opportunities from God to become proud of his abilities. Well, it didn’t happen. He was always modest, humiliated, and obedient. He never ate meat, whipped himself in blood every night, and never took money despite frequent offers. If he took, it was only to give them to the poor.
In 1409, cardinals gathered in the Italian city of Pisa to eliminate the bipapacy. They elected a new pope – John XXIII. However, the two old popes did not give up their offices, so instead of two popes, there were already three. Vincent made every effort to abolish this situation. However, it was not until the Council of Constance in 1417 that Pope Martin V was elected, and the other three gave up their offices. Although Vincent did not personally attend the council, he fully supported its conclusions.
Vincent spent the last two years of his performance in Brittany, where he also preached tirelessly. Towards the end, however, he began to feel exhausted. On the advice of his fellow brothers, he set out on a journey to his homeland. But he only reached the city of Vannes. The inhabitants greeted him with joy, but were saddened to hear from his mouth that he had not come to their city to preach, but to die. Severe chills set in, and Vincent died on 5 April 1419. He was declared a saint in 1458.
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Hl.Isidor
Isidorus, ep. Hispalien. et doctor Eccl.
April 4, non-binding monument | |
Position: | Archbishop and teacher of the church |
Deaths: | 636 |
Patron: | internet and computer users |
Attributes: | Bishop with a book, event. with a feather, horseman on horseback |
BIOGRAPHY
It comes from Seville, Spain. After his father’s death, he was raised by his brother Leander. After an initial distaste for learning, he achieved his goal by his decision and perseverance to become a teacher of the Middle Ages. He was Bishop of Seville, wrote many writings, convened and directed several councils where numerous affairs were wisely arranged. He is said to have meditated daily on the Passion of the Savior. Furthermore, he was holy in wisdom, love, humility, patient bearing of suffering, and repentance.
BIOGRAPHY FOR MEDITATION
What can endurance do?
He was born around 560 near Seville, perhaps in New Carthage, Spain, into an important family that gave the Church several saints. They were his two older brothers, Leander and Fulgent, and his sister Florentina. Both of his parents died in his childhood, and Leander, who was 20 years older, took over the care of his family and Isidore’s upbringing.
Isidore’s youth is said to have been impatient and fickle, until one day, he came to a well with stone timbers during his truancy. He sat down and inadvertently noticed the deep notches on the shaft and the numerous timber pits. After a while, when a woman came to get the water, he asked her how the notches in the hardwood and the holes in the stone were made. He learned from her what persistence can do! Drops falling on a single spot on the hard stone excavate the pit, and the wood is scourged by winding the rope daily. Isidore realized that he could attain education and wisdom if he studied persistently with God’s help. From that moment on, under the guidance of his brother, he quickly acquired knowledge until he also became a teacher in the Middle Ages.
He learned Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. He has acquired an eloquence that is still admirable in his writings today. Furthermore, he improved not only his thinking, but also his heart with Christian virtues. He had an example in Leandra. After his studies, he was ordained a priest, confirmed Spanish Catholics in the faith, and focused on the conversion of Arians. King Leovigild of the Visigoths pursued the clergy at the time, reportedly imprisoning some bishops and expelling Leandro from his realm. Isidore is said to have influenced his heart by releasing the imprisoned and calling Leandro back. Isidore then entered the monastery for a time. When Bishop Leander died in about 596, the new king, reared with the clergy and people, elected his brother Isidore as successor. Pope Gregory the Great sent him archiepiscopal insignia.
Priests’ ascetic and general professional education and the observance of church discipline were very close to Isidore’s heart. With this focus, he also performed at many provincial and national synods in Seville and Toledo. He acted very wisely and wrote many writings. In the third part, Sententiae (Ideas), he stated his ideas about the right bishop: The program of his profession should begin with himself, self-denial, humiliation, and exemplary life. He is to interpret the truths of the Christian faith to his believers and take care of them as a good shepherd or doctor.
Isidore’s work De officiis ecclesiasticis (About Church Services) was an excellent guide to the liturgy. File Chronica maiora it is a kind of world chronicle. De viris illustrious (About famous men) refers to church history. The two books are synonyms; they are ascetic writings, encouraging the sinful and the suffering. He wrote more writings than are mentioned here. His main theological work is three books of sentences: Sententiarum libri tres. In the first, he deals with the doctrine of God, and in the other two, fundamental questions of morality. Isidore’s most significant work is a 20-volume encyclopedia called Etymologiarum libri XX seu Origines (Inception). It is a comprehensive collection of information from various areas of life and science, similar to today’s databases. Inspired by the data and recommendations of the Pontifical Council for the Media, Spanish computer scientists from the Internet Observation Service in Barcelona recognized St. Isidore as the patron of the Internet and computer users. Pope John Paul II also confirmed the patronage during one pilgrimage to Spain. And the cult of St. Isidora, as the patron saint of the Internet, is popularized especially in Poland. Despite all the reservations, critics of Isidore’s works agree that he was a highly prolific man of letters with great merit in saving ancient cultural values.
Even in his literary activity, Isidore lived a high degree of virtue, cultivated charity, worked tirelessly in God’s service, was exemplary, and died with deep piety.
Before dying, he gave everything away and performed public penance according to the Visigothic ceremony. On Easter Monday, March 31, he was brought to the church of St. Vincent accompanied by subordinate bishops, in the presence of other clergy and people. He received penitential robes from one of the bishops, had his head sprinkled with ashes from the other, and publicly confessed his lapses. He deeply regretted them and asked those present for forgiveness and prayers. After receiving the Eucharist, he said goodbye to the bystanders with a kiss of peace, allowed himself to be transferred back to his cell, and died four days later.
Clement VIII is said to have declared him a saint in about 1598. In 1722, Pope Innocent XIII appointed him a teacher of the church.
I will determine what I will do for my more remarkable persistence in good and start right away.
God, You called Saint Isidore to educate Your church with Your teachings; hear our pleas and, through his intercession, help her grow in the knowledge of Your truth. Through Your Son Jesus Christ, our Lord, He lives and reigns with You in the unity of the Holy Spirit throughout all ages.
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Fifth Sunday of Lent C Joh 8,1-11
A well-known French priest and writer, Michel Quoist, whose books are also published here, writes this in his book “God is waiting for me”: I am not satisfied with myself. I have already examined my life several times about my attitude towards others, and today I realized that my reactions are still very immature humanly and completely abnormal Christianly. However, by how I treat my brothers, I will be judged … This sad statement started this morning when I read the newspaper. The headline of an article that reported a particularly heinous crime was the first to catch my eye. After a while, I realized that I was responding with an unreserved condemnation of a person, and that this condemnation was based on a feeling of hatred. Unfortunately, I realized that I am mixing evil as such and the one who commits it. I do not condemn evil, but immediately and proudly denounce man.
This is a humble and public confession of a Christian, a writer, a spiritual counselor, a priest. And when I read the event of today’s Gospel, it occurred to me that we act similarly to those accusers of an adulterous woman. Although we tell ourselves that we stand in the correct position with the Lord Jesus, we would be on the side of that woman together with him. But in reality, in specific life situations, we often act like those plaintiffs.
We need a direct word from Jesus that reminds us of our actual state. How many failures, sins, and unbeliefs have been in our lives! When a person is older, he quickly forgets his youth, the transgressions of a hot head, and the raging blood in his veins. Or he becomes a “sclerotic,” and then he prefers not to know—or instead does not want to know—anything. Anyone who knows that dark place deep in man knows how long a shadow our sinfulness casts.
When a person finally discovers that shadow, when he realizes it, what about him? An old Chinese fable tells of a man who could not bear his shadow. He wanted to get rid of him by running from him. He ran faster and faster, but the shadow ran just as fast. Finally, in a mad escape, he fell to the ground dead. Only when he fell to the ground did his body cover his shadow. Even though we know that our sins have been forgiven, the shadow still worries us. And so we ask: what about it? On the one hand, there are accusers before the Lord Jesus. They brought their sins before Jesus in the guilty woman. They were too zealous; they wanted to get Jesus into trouble. Hot heads, raging blood. On the other side stood a woman, terrified, humiliated, aware of her guilt and reconciled to being stoned.
And what did the Lord Jesus do? He bent down to the ground and wished them time to look at each other. And he wrote something with his finger in the sand. No one knows what he wrote there. There are many interpretations. The scene should remind us that the one sent by the heavenly Father is present here, who inscribed the Ten Commandments with his finger on the stone tablets on Mount Sinai. Or that scene suggests that the law carved in stone became ephemeral in the hands of the Pharisees and scribes like the writing in the sand, and that now only the living law of God filled with love applies. Or Saint Jerome may be right, who says that Jesus put the individual sins of the accusers in the sand, so that they all quietly disappeared when he said: „Which of you is without sin, let him throw the first stone!“
But one thing is sure: The wisdom of the word of God, which the Pharisees and teachers of the law knew, was precisely fulfilled. In the book of Proverbs we read: „Psal … grabs by the ears, the one who meddles in a dispute that does not concern him (Prov 26,17) … Whoever digs another’s pit will fall into it himself, and whoever rolls a stone at another will roll his self“ (Proverbs 26,27). And so a strange situation arose. The woman’s plaintiffs quietly and subtly disappeared from the scene. Only the woman who could also leave remained. It is not easy for a sinful person to stand before a saint. But Christ the Lord is exceedingly powerful. It is not easier to calm wild blood than to calm a storm on Lake Gennesaret. And Jesus Christ was able to relax both.
And finally, we have something else – we still have a small addition to the fable with the shadow. That Chinese fable ends like this: If that man, fleeing from his shadow, had entered the shadow of a tall tree, he would have gotten rid of his own shadow. But he didn’t think of it, so he died. That adulterous woman entered the high shadow of Jesus. She recognized how the Lord Jesus loves her, how he can forgive, and therefore she remained alive. She didn’t leave like the other sinners.
And that is an excellent lesson for us. Whoever believes in the love of Jesus does not have to run away from himself. He knows that he is loved even with his shadow in the shadow of the Lord Jesus, who, although alone without sin, took upon himself all our sins, our shadow ceases to exist. And it should oblige us to love our neighbors with their shadows, according to Jesus’ example. When the temptation comes upon us to take the stone of our malice and unloved in our hands and want to throw it at someone, let us honestly and humbly ask ourselves: I am genuinely without sin, so I can be the first to throw a stone? And if we answer this question honestly and honestly, I firmly believe that our stones of malice and unloved will quickly fall from our hands to the ground. Lord, we beg you, let us continuously love you in our brothers and sisters, that we may always seek and follow your holy will, and so that they may enter your heavenly kingdom. Praise be to the Lord Jesus Christ!
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